Welcome to Exmpor Engineering Tanzania Limited

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Water Treatment

Water Treatment

We understand the critical role that clean, safe water plays in our lives. We are dedicated to providing our clients with reliable, high-quality water treatment services that ensure the safety and health of their water supply. Your trust is our commitment, and your satisfaction is our goal.

Our water treatment processes include;

Coagulation/Flocculation:
This process involves adding chemicals that bind with the dirt and other dissolved particles, forming larger particles called "floc."

Sedimentation:
The floc settles to the bottom of the water supply, due to its weight. This settling process is called sedimentation.

Bag Filtration:
Bag filters are used to remove suspended solids from the water. They work by trapping these solids inside the bag as water flows through it.Bag filters can be made from various materials, including polypropylene, polyester, nylon, and more, each suitable for different applications and types of contaminants. The bags can also have different pore sizes, allowing for the removal of particles of different sizes.The main advantages of bag filters include their simplicity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. They are easy to install, require minimal maintenance, and are capable of filtering large volumes of water quickly. However, once the bag is full of contaminants, it needs to be replaced, which can contribute to ongoing costs.Bag filters are commonly used in applications such as cooling tower water, swimming pools, aquariums, industrial wastewater treatment, and more.

Cartridge Filtration:
Cartridge filters are a type of filter used in water treatment systems to remove impurities from water. They consist of a central perforated core wrapped in layers of filtration material. As water passes through the layers, impurities are trapped, resulting in clean, filtered water. Cartridge filters come in a variety of materials, sizes, and pore sizes, allowing them to be used for a wide range of applications. The filtration material can be made from wound string, pleated film, melt-blown, or spun polypropylene, ceramic, carbon, and more. The choice of material depends on the specific contaminants that need to be removed from the water.The pore size of the filter, measured in microns, determines the size of the particles that the filter can remove. Cartridge filters are commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial water treatment systems. They are often used as pre-filters in systems with multiple stages of filtration, to remove larger particles and protect more delicate downstream filters.

Multilayer Sand Filtration:
Sand filtration is a frequently used method of water treatment that removes small particles from water by passing it through a bed of sand or other granular material. The process works by trapping and retaining particles larger than the spaces between the sand grains.Sand filtration is effective at removing suspended solids.

Activated Carbon Filtration:
Activated Carbon Filtration is a common method used in water treatment to remove contaminants and impurities, using chemical adsorption. Each particle/granule of carbon provides a large surface area/pore structure, allowing contaminants the maximum possible exposure to the active sites within the filter media. Activated carbon works by attracting and holding certain chemicals as water passes through it. It is a highly porous substance that attracts and holds a wide range of harmful substances, including organic compounds, chlorine, lead, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). There are two common types of activated carbon filters: Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and Powdered Block Carbon (PBC). GAC filters contain loose granules of activated carbon that allow water to flow through. PBC filters, on the other hand, contain pulverized activated carbon that is shaped into blocks under high pressure. Activated carbon filters are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial water treatment systems. They are effective at improving the taste and odour of water and can reduce a wide range of contaminants.

Ultrafiltration:
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a type of membrane filtration process used in water treatment. It involves forcing water through a semipermeable membrane with tiny pores to separate water from contaminants.The pores in ultrafiltration membranes are typically 0.01 to 0.1 micrometers in size, allowing them to effectively remove bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, as well as many types of suspended solids and colloidal matter. Ultrafiltration is often used in both drinking water and wastewater treatment. In drinking water treatment, it can be used as a standalone treatment process or in combination with other processes like reverse osmosis for more comprehensive water treatment. In wastewater treatment, it's often used to remove suspended solids and microorganisms before the water is discharged or further treated for reuse.

Reverse Osmosis: Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a water purification process that uses a partially permeable membrane to remove ions, unwanted molecules, and larger particles from drinking water. The process is called 'reverse' osmosis because it requires pressure to force the water across the membrane, against the direction of natural osmosis.In reverse osmosis, an applied pressure is used to overcome osmotic pressure, a colligative property that is driven by chemical potential differences of the solvent, a thermodynamic parameter. This allows the removal of many types of dissolved and suspended chemical species, as well as biological ones (principally bacteria and viruses) from water.The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side. This process is widely used in both industrial processes and the production of potable water.It's important to note that while reverse osmosis is very effective in removing a variety of contaminants, it does not remove all contaminants, and other forms of filtration or disinfection may be necessary to achieve the desired water quality. Depending on the incoming raw water quality our reverse osmosis systems provide recovery ratesbetween 85 and 95%.

Ion exchange/Softeners:
Water softeners are devices that reduce the hardness of water, which is typically caused by high levels of calcium and magnesium ions. Hard water can cause a variety of problems, including scale build-up in pipes and appliances, reduced effectiveness of soaps and detergents, and skin and hair dryness.Water softeners work by a process called ion exchange. They contain a bed of resin beads that are coated with sodium or potassium ions. As hard water passes through the resin bed, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are attracted to the resin and exchanged with the sodium or potassium ions. This process effectively removes the hardness from the water. There are different types of water softeners, including salt-based ion exchange softeners, salt-free water softeners, dual-tank softeners, and magnetic or electronic water softeners. The choice of which to use often depends on the specific hardness of the water and the needs of the household or business.It's important to note that while water softeners are effective at reducing water hardness, they do not remove other contaminants from the water. Therefore, they are often used in conjunction with other water treatment systems to ensure the water is safe and healthy for use.

Disinfection System:
After filtration, the water is disinfected to kill or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. This can be done using methods such as chlorination, ozonation, or ultraviolet (UV) treatment.